James E. Martin, Museum of Geology, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 East St. Joseph Street, Rapid City, SD 57701, J. Foster Sawyer, South Dakota Geological Survey, Rapid City, SD 57702, Marcelo Reguero, Departamento Paleontología de Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina, and Judd A. Case, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, WA 99004.
The most completely articulated fossil skeleton found from Antarctica is a juvenile plesiosaur found in the Sandwich Bluff area of
Vega Island east of the Antarctic Peninsula from Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) marine deposits from the upper Snow Hill Island Formation. The skeleton is represented by a nearly complete torso, partial paddles, and neck and tail sections. Along the ventral margin of the torso are articulated gastralia, some that are unusual in being forked. Numerous small gastroliths are associated within the trunk cavity, indicating that even juveniles ingest gastroliths. Coupled with isolated specimens, the skeleton indicates the shallow marine environment may have been an area where marine reptiles had their young, and the young remained until reaching maturity prior to facing open marine environments. The morphology suggests the skeleton represents a juvenile
Mauisaurus, an elasmosaurid plesiosaur originally described from New Zealand and endemic to the
Weddellian
Province of the austral region.
[Manuscript]